气体中毒窒息事故的环境应急监测

以株洲市攸县某矿业公司"5·7"重大中毒窒息事故的环境应急监测为例，详细阐述了该事故开展应急监测的全过程。针对锁定污染因子、查找污染源、判断污染团的扩散趋势以及监控敏感点的安全等监测目的设计监测方案。通过监测数据分析确定事故特征因子为CO，其周边环境空气中浓度随着与抽风口距离的增加而快速下降，监测到附近居民区环境空气质量未受事故影响。     

Distribution of Iron, Manganese, Zinc and Atrazine in Groundwater in Parts of Palar and Cheyyar River Basins, South India

A study was carried out in a part of Palar and Cheyyar river basin to evaluate the current status of iron, manganese, zinc and atrazine concentrations, their origin and distribution in groundwater. Groundwater samples were collected during post-monsoon (March 1998 and February 1999) and pre-monsoon (June 1999) periods from 41 sampling wells distributed throughout the study area. The groundwater samples were analyzed for trace metals using AAS and atrazine using HPLC. The concentration of the trace elements in groundwater is predominant during pre-monsoon period. Distribution pattern indicates that the concentration of these elements increases from west to northeast and towards Palar river. Lower concentrations in the central part may be due to recharge of fresh water from the lakes located here. During most of the months, as there is no flow in Palar river, the concentrations of trace elements in groundwater are high. Drinking water standards indicate that Mn and Zn cross the permissible limit recommended by EPA during the pre-monsoon period. A comparison of groundwater data with trace element chemistry of rock samples shows the abundance of trace elements both in the rock and water in the order of Fe > Mn > Zn and Fe > Zn > Mn. This indicates that iron in groundwater is derived from lithogenic origin. Further, Fe, Mn and Zn have good correlation in rock samples, while it is reverse in the case of water samples, indicating the non-lithogenic origin of Mn and Zn. Atrazine (a herbicide) was not detected in any of the groundwater samples in the study area, perhaps due to low-application rate and adsorption in the soil materials.     

Cu、Pb、Zn火焰原子吸收多谱线分析在环境监测中的应用

对铜的 3条谱线 (2 49.2 nm、2 61 .4nm,3 2 4.8nm ) ,铅的 2条谱线 (2 83 .3 nm、2 1 7.0 1 nm )以及锌的 2条谱线(3 0 7.6nm、2 1 3 .9nm ) ,共 7条谱线的灵敏度、检测限、线性范围进行了归纳性总结 ,并对多种共存元素可能存在的干扰情况进行了研究 ,认为利用元素不同分析谱线的分析灵敏度差异 ,根据被测元素在样品消解液中含量 ,选择合适的谱线进行分析 ,既降低工作强度 ,又能获得满意结果     

Preparation of rare-earth metal complex oxide catalysts for catalytic wet air oxidation

Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) is one of the most promising technologies for pollution abatement. Developing catalysts with high activity and stability is crucial for the application of the CWAO process. The Mn/Ce complex oxide catalysts for CWAO of high concentration phenol-containing wastewater were prepared by coprecipitation. The catalyst preparation conditions were optimized by using an orthogonal layout method and single-factor experimental analysis. The Mn/Ce serial catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and the metal cation leaching was measured by inductively coupled plasma torch-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results show that the catalysts have high catalytic activities even at a low temperature (80°C) and low oxygen partial pressure (0.5 MPa) in a batch reactor. The metallic ion leaching is comparatively low (Mn<6.577 mg/L and Ce<0.6910 mg/L, respectively) in the CWAO process. The phenol, COD_Cr, and TOC removal efficiencies in the solution exceed 98.5% using the optimal catalyst (named CSP). The new catalyst would have a promising application in CWAO treatment of high concentration organic wastewater. Translated from Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2005, 6(2): 40–44 [译自: 环境污染治理技术与设备]     

On the determination of nitrous oxide emission factor during biomass burning

ＯｎｔｈｅｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｎｉｔｒｏｕｓｏｘｉｄｅｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｆａｃｔｏｒｄｕｒｉｎｇｂｉｏｍａｓｓｂｕｒｎｉｎｇＣａｏＭｅｉｑｉｕ；ＺｈｕａｎｇＹａｈｕｉ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉ...     

锦州湾表层沉积物中铅、锌、镉在各地球化学相间的分配规律

研究了受重金属严重污染的锦州湾内表层沉积物中铅、锌、镉在各地球化学相间的含量,及其在湾内河水-海水混合界面附近各相间的迁移转化特征。结果表明,锦州湾表层沉积物中上述重金属以非残渣相为主要存在形式,其中铁锰氧化物为重要的清除载体;以铁锰氧化物和碳酸盐形式存在的重金属含量由水环境的E_H和pH控制;在污染源附近的海区,表层沉积物中重金属在非残渣相和残渣相间的比值与近岸锌厂排出的这些重金属在废水和废渣中的含量比呈正相关关系。     

铁法煤业集团三台子污水处理厂的工艺改造

介绍了将铁法煤业（集团）有限责任公司三台子矿区污水处理工程工艺由以卡鲁塞尔氧化沟为主体的二级生化处理工艺改造为更适宜在北方气候条件下运行的A-O法工艺；同时对系统的启动进行了介绍。     

废醋酸锌催化剂回收醋酸锌工艺研究

对从废醋酸锌催化剂中浸取醋酸锌进行了实验研究,考察了废催化剂颗粒大小,浸取剂种类和用量、温度和浸取时间等因素对醋酸锌浸取率的影响。     

Al_2O_3光催化降解染料性能研究

液相加热法制备了Al2O3作为光催化剂,研究了不同光源、光照时间、催化剂用量和溶液酸度等条件对常见有机染料光催化降解性能影响。结果表明,用太阳光作为光源照射3h,50mL染料溶液中加入Al2O3 30mg,溶液pH8～10,孔雀石绿,酚藏花红,甲基紫等染料脱色率达93%以上。将使用过的Al2O3经过简单处理,孔雀石绿溶液脱色率仍达到94.1%,催化性能稳定,可以重复利用。通过紫外可见光谱分析,表明染料分子在催化剂和光照条件下发生了降解。     

砷在金属氧化物/水界面上的吸附机制Ⅱ.电荷分布多位络合模型模拟

利用电位滴定表征了铁铈氧化物(Fe-Ce)的表面电荷特性,并使用电荷分布多位络合模型(CD MUSIC)进行了模拟,得到Fe-Ce材料的表面位质子结合常数为5.8,位密度为23.2个·nm-2,高于大多数铁氧化物的表面位密度.在Fe-Ce表面特性参数的基础上,进一步使用CDMUSIC模型对系列pH(5～9)下As(Ⅴ)在Fe-Ce表面的等温吸附实验进行了模拟.结果表明,单齿单核单质子化形态≡FeOAsO3H1.5-和双齿双核非质子化形态≡Fe2O2AsO22-共存于吸附后的Fe-Ce表面,它们的结合常数分别为31.5和34.2,电荷分布值(f)分别为0.25和0.50.使用以上模型参数,对pH 3.5～10.5范围内2种表面络合形态分布趋势进行了预测.结果表明,在偏酸性条件下,≡ FeOAsO3H1.5-形态占主导;而≡Fe2O2AsO22-形态主要存在于偏碱性的范围.